Guest post by Ciaran De Buitlear
It sounds right: let things grow, help pollinators, step back, work with nature. But a real garden is not an idea. It is a place where things have to work.
You are trying to grow food, keep paths open, stop things taking over completely, and deal with weather, time, and whatever your body will allow you to do that week. That is where a lot of what is called sustainable gardening begins to fall apart.
I tried to do this.

During lockdown, I was given access to a walled garden. It was an incredible piece of generosity. It gave us an outlet, a way to do something useful, something real. I thought if I approached it the right way — gently, sustainably, with good intentions — it would respond in kind.
It didn’t.
The garden pushed back, harder than I expected. Weeds didn’t stay in their place, crops didn’t behave, and things always took more time than I had. Then my back went, properly went. Work stopped whether I liked it or not. When I got back to it, I overdid it and injured my wrist as well. The greenhouse roof came off in a storm and left everything in a total mess.
At one point, I stood in the middle of it and said out loud, “feck this, I’m done.” I meant it, because this is the part that doesn’t make it into most advice: the point where the work stops working. Where the idea of it no longer matches the reality in front of you. Where everything feels like it is slipping backwards faster than you can hold it.
But I went back, not because I had a plan, or because I knew what I was doing. I went back because there was something in the place that held me there. Something that made it worth trying again, even when it wasn’t going well.
Slowly, by doing the work, something shifted — not the garden, not at first. Me.
I stopped trying to get it “right.” I stopped expecting it to behave. I stopped thinking in terms of control or abandonment.
Instead, I started paying attention to what grew easily and what didn’t, to what came back on its own, to where the soil held water and where it didn’t, and to which parts needed work and which parts were better left alone. I pulled some nettles and left others. I grew food where I could and left space where I couldn’t. I worked parts of the garden hard and let other parts stay rough.
I listened to the garden, the soil, the plants, the earth. They told me what to do.
One year I learned this the hard way with onions. They looked fine above ground: upright, green, healthy enough. But when I lifted them, they were rotten underneath. The bulbs had failed completely. Later I was told that onions had been grown in that same patch for too many years and the soil had built up disease. That was a real lesson in the difference between theory and practice. You can read all you like, but sometimes the ground tells you something only failure can teach.

It was not neat. It was not efficient. It did not look like the kind of thing you see in advice columns, but it worked — not perfectly, not consistently, but enough to keep going.
There is a version of sustainable gardening that exists in theory, and there is the version that exists in a place where you actually have to live with the results. They are not the same.
Most people are trying to find a way somewhere between controlling everything and letting it all go, but there is very little honest discussion about what that actually involves. It involves failure. It involves limits. It involves doing work that doesn’t always pay off. It involves making mistakes, learning from them, and starting again more than once.
It also involves something else. If you stay with it, if you keep going back, if you pay attention, you begin to build something that is not regimented and not completely abandoned, but somewhere in between.
It’s not that you found the right answer. There are many answers, and maybe none are completely right. But some of them are better than others. You find something that works for you and your land because you kept working at it.
That is what most advice leaves out, and that is where the real work is.
Ciaran De Buitlear has a walled garden in Stamullen, County Meath, Ireland. He is the author of Nature’s Acre.
Thank you, Ciaran, for reminding me (and making me feel less alone) about the practical side of gardening theories.
Try as we may, adapting any gardening theory requires patience based on our own gardens’ conditions… and our personal physical limitations. Extending patience to ourselves, beyond just watching things grow, and adapting the best aspects of theory is, more often than not, is omitted. Many thanks for your wise reminder.
Good article. Valid points. Bad headline.
Wow, I’m not sure I’ve read this anywhere else, but it’s reality. I appreciate it. So, I’m moaning about the fact that my area is experiencing a severe drought, and now, is the first opportunity I’ve had to put myself into this new garden. It’s reality. I also know I’m not capable of watering it all, but I do have lots of mulch on my side. I’m also limited by the help I can find, and I can’t lift heavy stuff. I can no longer stand up from the ground in the way I used to. I’m getting old. I hadn’t planned on that. When did that happen? The wisteria has me outnumbered. Reality!!! Thank you for this.
I take away from Ciaran’s experience that what we can accomplish in our garden, depends on the specific conditions on that piece of land…the quality of the soil, the climate, the light, etc. A beginner gardener often starts with their own vision of what a garden should be. A seasoned gardener learns from experience that the specific conditions in the garden will constrain the beginner’s vision. It’s a top-down approach vs. a bottom-up approach to gardening.
One of the weaknesses of the native plant movement is that it is based on the mistaken assumption that a plant that is invasive in one place is invasive in another place or that a plant that was native to a region 250 years ago, is still adapted to current conditions. A garden-writer in Delaware is not in a position to dictate to gardeners in California, for example.
Here’s a recent study that characterizes this variability of gardening conditions as “failed invasions:” https://www.academia.edu/122880341/The_elephant_in_the_room_the_role_of_failed_invasions_in_understanding_invasion_biology?email_work_card=view-paper&fbclid=IwY2xjawQ7lzVleHRuA2FlbQIxMQBzcnRjBmFwcF9pZBAyMjIwMzkxNzg4MjAwODkyAAEerjnrhBsjx-hilwjZoWc3aj_uqeCgx-MynMQ5DPLvEb6NTlpZWXov-KnT7ls_aem_5OFPBn5-UCiKwZBp4evVLw Another way to say that is that “invasiveness” of native plants cannot be generalized because plant behavior depends on where it is growing.
Thanks to Ciaran for sharing her experience. Garden on as best you can!
Sustainabllity and gardening are oxymorons. Gardening by definition is shaping environment to our visions. Rewilding is sustainable. I think the work sustainable itself has become so overused as to be meaningless.
Thank you – well said! reflects what I have found over 7 decades of growing – wish it had not taken me so long!
i enjoy my garden more now than ever.
Yes!
“I listened to the garden, the soil, the plants, the earth. They told me what to do.” – Ciaran writes.
Thanks! That sounds to me like a very workable definition for ecological gardening.
Though ecological and sustainable are by no means synonyms, there’s broad overlap. Not a few of us use the two and other similar terms interchangeably. The unifying idea is making gardening choices that consider our planet’s life support system and biological diversity, not simply our personal desires and objectives.
“Sustainabllity and gardening are oxymorons.” Michael writes.
I see things differently, with all respect. What Ciaran says is closer to what my garden teaches me. Gardening and sustainability seem less like opposites and more like counterpoint.
I think of an idea Michael Pollen suggested ages ago in Second Nature, that gardeners are a bridge between the natural world and the human world of design and development. Our gardens are balanced between our aspirations and Nature’s rhythms. We make choices in the ways we want to dance.
“Gardening by definition is shaping environment to our visions. Rewilding is sustainable. I think the word sustainable itself has become so overused as to be meaningless.” Michael goes on to say
My own approach to gardening is a bit more back and forth (again, I think Ciaran nails it). It’s more that the environment shapes my visions, my hubris not withstanding. And, no, I don’t think of rewilding as “sustainable” necessarily, at least in the urban context where I garden. It’s 2026, not 1492 nor 43 AD. We have to start ecologically where we are, like it or not.
However, I share Michael’s unease with the word “sustainability.” I don’t much care for it, either. Sounds bureacratic, not gardeny.
Have to say first, though, that many folks who use the term mean no harm, and it comes with an appealing suite of academic definitions. The American Association of Landscape Architects, for instance, in their SITES initiative, defines sustainability as landscape design and management that protects, restores, and regenerates ecological functions, rather than merely minimizes damage.
I have to admit, though, that the term is sometimes used to push narrow and divisive definitions of “right” v. “wrong” in the garden, and other times serves to “greenwash” products and policies.
I like “ecological” or “ecologically informed” gardening better – but there are issues with that terminology, too. I think all gardening is ecological, and gardeners are ecosystem managers – whether we’re talking Oudouf, Le Nôtre, or you and me out in the yard (except maybe for fake grass…)
[Disclosure: I teach a class in ecological home landscaping, based on Landscapes For Life (LFL), created by the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center and the US Botanic Garden, scaling SITES down to fit home landscapes. It is an excellent program, I think (obviously.) That “S” in SITES stands for “sustainable.” It’s not a joyless cookie-cutter approach, by any means; in fact, it’s a perspective well worth considering.
Besides, as Ciaran points out, we learn to garden on our knees in the garden, not by taking classes, watching stuff on the Internet, or even reading the ‘Rant!
LFL has moved to Extension at Colorado State University, you can take a look for yourself at https://landscapeforlife.colostate.edu/%5D
Thanks Don for your response to this article. The term Ecological gardening is a great way of approaching the “sustainable” gardening movement. As a landscape designer one must “listen to the ‘place’ it presents itself now. And try to control not the environment but your own expectations. To me gardening is all about fascinating experiment.
Great to hear from you – as always, sharing your wisdom. I agree with everything you said AND am so glad to read an example of the Landscape for Life program making a difference. I remember attending their kick-off event back in (can’t remember the year but I could search on the Rant) at the USBG.
I enjoyed this article – it’s great to see the realities of gardening talked about. Most of us have limited time, limited strength, and not much help. We’re doing the best we can with what we have, and being realistic about what we do have, and what we can accomplish with it.
Ecological gardening is more labour-intensive, Gardening generally has its disappointments and failures. Thank you Ciara’s for reminding us of this. And for reminding us of the resilience that keeps us going.
I enjoyed your article.
This reminds me of the garden on old railroad tracks in New York City The High Line in Manhattan. Designed by Piet Oudolf, this elevated park features over 500 species of perennials, grasses, and shrub.It is such a special place. If you ever have time to visit it it would be worth your time.
It takes a lot of work and informed minds to maintain it. But it is priceless. .
Beautiful, truthful piece, thank you! I am reminded of the old formula: Success = Reality over Expectations.
Many times people have given me free starts of plants with the warning: this can get aggressive and invasive. Ever single plant has died in my yard that was promised to be “invasive.” over 30 years in this yard, i know what will and will not grow so i don’t waste time and money on plants that are not proven successes –glowing promises in the catalogs be damned.
I really enjoyed this article because it served as a great reminder how failure can be such a great teacher if you want to pay attention and learn.
I love this! You rock!
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