I am repeating an extraordinary tale I heard over 40 years ago, one that deserves retelling.
In 1979 I was working for Will Ingwersen, the alpine plants expert and author, at his Birch Farm Nursery, a few miles from East Grinstead, England, near the Gravetye Estate. Mr. Ingwersen liked to tell a good story.
He and Alan Bloom, author and nurseryman (who lived to be 98), both enjoyed ice skating. Mr. Ingwersen, puffing on a pipe he never seemed to be without, told me he once visited a flooded field of flowering Lenten roses, Helleborus x hybridus, on a cold, late winter’s day at Mr. Bloom’s Bressingham Nursery in Norfolk.
Will Ingwersen and Alan Bloom spent a surreal afternoon, ice-skating over and staring down at the blooming, saucer-shaped Lenten roses beneath their skates.

Floaters on March 13th
Spring Has a foot in the Door and a Hand on the Knob
Kentucky’s late winters take wild swings, too. Les Parks, in a March 7th Facebook post, described his own late winter/early spring surprises. Les is Director of Horticulture at Norfolk (Virginia) Botanical Gardens. “I saw my first osprey of the season today, as well as my first snake. Spring has a foot in the door and a hand on the knob.”
Ten days ago, temperatures in Kentucky were in the 70s, followed a few days later by thunderstorms, heavy rain and a swollen Salt River that overflowed its bank and began to cover up a couple of thousand emerging daffodils in our bottomland. It has happened before with little consequence. This time the waters receded as fast as they had risen. The early daffodils were just budding up, and our hellebores, on higher ground, in no jeopardy of flooding—this time—were beginning to bloom.
But this past Friday night, the daffodils and hellebores were covered by five inches of snow when the temperatures dropped to 20 F.
There was no ice skating, but while I was standing before huddled, frozen Lenten roses on Saturday afternoon, the memory of the ice-skating story came alive again. Is the story true? If it’s not, it doesn’t matter. There is little sense allowing a lovely fantasy to be undone by the truth.
Helleborus x hybridus is Durable
The Lenten rose is an aggressive seeding machine. Start with three plants, wait four or five years, and you’ll have enough seedlings to prick out, pot up and go on to supply garden markets within a day’s drive.
I couldn’t tell you the cultivar names of any of my hellebores, or if they had names to begin with. My curiosity beyond the common, old timey, pinky-purple ones began with a few more colorful and diverse seedling-grown plants that I bought and imported (legally) from the late Elizabeth Strangman’s nursery in Kent, England, in the early 1990s. Over the next ten years, I added seedling selections from Judith and Dick Tyler at Pine Knot in Virginia and from Marietta and Ernie O’Byrne in Oregon. (My fascination with the hellebore breeding frontier fizzled out, just as it had with daylilies, hostas and heucheras.) I eventually pared down these Lenten roses, and their progeny, to a dozen plants or so, plus a few seedlings I transplant from interesting flowering forms every few years. What I have now requires the work of pollinating bees and ants that deposit the seeds. Keep hand clippers and a sharp hoe for light maintenance.

Lenten rose seedlings
My Garden Rant partner Anne Wareham prefers leaving the old foliage unless the leaves are badly mangled by disease or winter cold. (I’ve had no disease problems. Knock on wood) I’m of mixed mind on tidying up. Sometimes I cut the foliage; sometimes not. Often, it depends on whether I feel like it. I often don’t. However, if you feel you are being overrun by seedlings, it’s easier to see and weed the offenders with old foliage removed.
Can Explosive Fecundity Be a Problem?
It might be. How’s that for an ambiguous response? You can easily transplant Lenten roses at a very early seedling stage before they put on their first true leaves—at the point of early flowering on the mother plants. Don’t be deceived. Hellebore seedlings may look fragile, but they are NOT. I weed thousands of thick, dark green seedling hellebores—or try too—with a Dutch hoe, at flowering time, before they overtake my back 40 or nearby woodlands.

Seedlings await transplanting
I prefer the single flowering forms. I don’t understand why gardeners love pinwheel shaped semi and double blooms of anything. Mums get a pass. Call me old fashioned.
Our hellebores survived the snow and cold, and so did the daffodils. Flowering proceeded.
The blooms of Lenten roses make good cut flowers. Follow the cut-flower preparation advice offered by Katherine Tracey of Avant Gardens in Massachusetts. This requires that stems be dipped in hot, almost boiling, water with a splash of vodka.
But don’t use Russian vodka.
Just wanted to clarify that while Elizabeth Strangman’s nursery Washfield is long closed, Elizabeth herself is still breeding hellebores and her delightful garden full of them was featured in last month’s Gardens Illustrated. We got to visit her on a student field trip a few years ago and she was very firm in her opinions on what defines a good flower and still engaged in developing her seed strains. Now when I see self-sown hellebore seedlings I think of Elizabeth and rogue them out ASAP.
Amy, thank you so much for your clarification. Wonderful to hear Elizabeth is still pursuing her passion. I am sure she maintains separate, protected areas for her different seed lines, so they don’t mistakenly cross with one another. I’ve got 3 different, small, outdoor areas for colors—white with red splotches, yellows and some dark ones.These are just for my own enjoyment. I’m quite certain they are not separated quite far enough to prevent cross pollination. It has warmed up today.The bees are busy.
Hellebores are my garden passion. Thanks for giving them the respect they deserve. Mine — in central Maryland — peaked last week but will be around for weeks and weeks,
Thanks, Pam. I love my hellebores, too. Ours are just getting going.
How fortunate you are to have masses of Hellebore! In Texas they retail for $15 & seconds after you plant them, the rabbits gnaw them to the ground. We have a whopping four in our local Allen Heritage Village garden and have to keep them caged. I did get some for a client to keep in pots on her patio table & they were glorious.
Jenny, I’d never imagined rabbits could be a problem. They went through a couple of dozen fall-planted pansies, but didn’t ouch the hellebores. Go figure.
Kentucky early spring: yes, osprey and yes, snakes. And ticks, very early I think. Deer ticks (5 of ‘em last Sunday after working in the Daniel Boone Forest), whereas usually we have Lone Star. My hellebores are splendid and have been for 6 weeks!!
Mimi, I knew sooner or later someone was going to bring up ticks. Rufus has been scratching today. I guess it’s time to put my Permethrin-sprayed clothing on and gird myself. Ticks aside. I’m happy your hellebores have put on a show.
I adore hellebores and wish mine were as prolific as yours are. I do have 2 “babies” from my 3 or 4 plants, that are in my circular garden around my dogwood in the front yard. Now that I know what the seedlings look like, I am going to make sure I leave them be. I personally can’t wrap my head around the concept of “too many hellebores.”
Susan, yes my hellebores are seeding machines. I do love them and a little weeding is not a big deal, but I am keeping an eye on them if they do get closer to the woods. I’m not sure it matters too much. Our woods are smothered with evergreen wintercreeper, Euonymus fortunei, but wild ginger (Asarum canadense) and Virginia bluebells still fight over turf rights.
Really nice post, this is why I read Garden Rant. Your property must be lovely!
Thank you for reading Garden Rant, Judy! There is palpable feeling every morning that the garden is coming alive again and I’m not as cranky as I was a month ago.
Snap, Allen, my patch of hellebores also started in the 1990s with a few “Queen of the night” and “Spotted mother” plants from Liz Strangman. They are prolific seeders but I enjoy spreading them around Toronto, especially to emerging gardeners who appreciate their hardiness and become inspired to shrink their lawns.
Patrick, thanks. Good to hear from another fan of Elizabeth Strangman!
There are people who greet self sown hellebores with horror, (truly) but they have flooded (your wonderful story is clearly on my mind) my mother in law’s garden and are an absolute joy. She does no leaves. So do I sometimes, if I can face bending down.
Anne, I give away dozens, maybe hundreds of “you-dig” little hellebore seedlings every spring. Mr. Ingwersen told many wonderful stories from the syphilitic William Robinson to a 50 acre rock garden on the Tehran Plain.
I’m amazed to think you knew him! Names from my earliest gardening times….
And yes – my mother in law has lots of seedlings everywhere. I have some too – less though maybe because of permanent mulch.
My Pine Knot ‘Gold Strain’ seedling turned out to be a pink strain, but it is no matter. Love my hellebores and use the seedlings as excellent pops of evergreen edging on tired winter beds. I’m with you Allen — singles are best. Simple and perfect.
I have at least one smashing double. (so there)
Minor transgression. I won’t hold this against you.
The yellow (gold?) ones are pokey growers. I originally had one precious single yellow from Elizabeth Strangman that was adored by all who saw it. (This goes a long way back.) I divided it several times but divisions are not the fast way to go. Don’t expect exponential growth. I have one other yellow forms. Four nice clumps total between the two.. I might have had more, but I have had a few friends who’ve shown up, stood over them and got all mopey for a piece. Finally, after all these years I have a half-dozen little seedlings. Glory be or not? They may turn out pink.
A delightful read Alan . I wish my hellebore was more self sowing. I plan on buying a few more this spring – singles of course!
Thanks, Jessica. Be patient. My guess is you’ll be rewarded with plenty of seedlings in time.
Wondering why there’s been no mention here yet of Barry Glick and his Sunshine Farms and Gardens. Can’t a hippie homesteader from Philly, planting a non-tokeable crop in the West Virginia hills, get a break? Or is that too much of a Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court thing for hardcore hellaboreans?
Joe, I adore the “Clickster.” We go way back. Barry and I have crossed paths at conferences for years. He’s been to Louisville for talks a number of times, also. I’m sure, in my Lenten rose mix, there are some “Sunshine” hellebores.